Illinois and Rhode Island change Adoption laws

ILLINOIS allows adoptees to obtain copies of original birth certificates!  

let's celebrate

Starting on Nov. 15, anyone surrendered or adopted in the state can receive a non-certified copy of their original birth certificate. These birth certificates usually will contain information such as names of parents and location where birth occurred. In this case, under the amended law, the birth parents can still request their names remain confidential. Birth parents can still release medical information to the Illinois Adoption Registry and Medical Information Exchange (IARMIE) to be passed on to surrendered and adopted children while remaining anonymous.

Forms for requesting a non-certified copy of a birth certificate and the Birth Parent Preference Form can be obtained by visiting here or by calling the Illinois Adoption Registry at 877-323-5299.

http://www.journalstandard.com/government/x227170539/Law-change-allows-adoptees-to-obtain-copies-of-original-birth-certificates

NEWS UPDATE in Rhode Island! The new adoption bill signed today will give adoptees 25 or older, who were born in Rhode Island, access to their original birth certificates.

http://www.wpri.com/dpp/news/local_news/governor-chafee-to-sign-adoption-bill

UPDATE: Tribunal Launched, Churches Banned from Communities

Tribunal Launched, Churches Banned from Communities: An International Media Advisory from the International Tribunal into Crimes of Church and State (ITCCS)
Issued Thursday September 15, 2011

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4ajfVOzXfs&feature=colike (September 13, Vancouver)

London, UK:
The ITCCS joins with many survivors of torture around the world today as we formally inaugurate an international inquiry and trial into crimes against humanity by church and state.
The Elders of our Tribunal have commenced our campaign by issuing a Banishment Proclamation against the churches responsible for the torture and murder of our children, which is reprinted below, and will be posted and read publicly across the world this Sunday, September 18.
For the next three months, our network in Canada, the United States, Australia, Ireland, England, the Netherlands and Belgium, Italy, Germany, Slovenia, and other nations will be documenting crimes committed against children, indigenous people and other innocents by the Roman Catholic and Protestant churches and their associates in government.
Our work will culminate in a final report and documentary film containing the evidence required to indict these bodies for genocide and crimes against humanity.
The next phase of our work, commencing early in January, 2012, will involve the trial and sentencing of those groups and persons responsible for these crimes.
We welcome the recent efforts to criminally prosecute Pope Joseph Ratzinger for his personal complicity in child abuse and trafficking, and we will join with other groups of survivors in Rome, outside the Vatican, at a mass protest at 12 noon on Monday, October 31, 2011.
We will also be working with politicians in the European Parliament to seek sanctions and indictments against Canada and its churches for genocide, based on new forensic evidence we have recently obtained from three separate mass graves of Indian children who were killed or died in church-run residential schools across Canada.
Our ITCCS forums will be open to the public and the media, who are free and encouraged to share and broadcast our evidence to the world.
Please stay posted to this site for more updates and news of our tribunal: www.itccs.org . Or contact our secretary, Kevin Annett, at hiddenfromhistory1@gmail.com , or through 386-323-5774 in the United States.
Issued by the ITCCS Executive, London, England
See these update interviews:
http://blip.tv/thatchannel/real-health-2011-09s-06-kevin-annett-5533270 (September 6, Toronto)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D4ajfVOzXfs&feature=colike (September 13, Vancouver)

First Nation in danger of losing a generation (Ontario)

archival photo

By Linda Nguyen, Postmedia News (September 3, 2011)

The federal and provincial governments need to urgently improve basic living conditions for an impoverished, remote northern Ontario First Nations community if it wants to put an end to a "extraordinary rate" of teen suicides there, according to a yearlong review by the provincial coroner's office.
The 215-page report released Friday by the Ontario Office of the Chief Coroner identified a number of factors that it says contributed to the 16 child and youth suicides that have occurred on the Pikangikum First Nation reserve over a two-year old period.
The review found that the fly-in community of 2,400 in northwestern Ontario lacks basic infrastructure, such as easy access to clean drinking water, a sewage system, a school, recreational facilities, and health services, including substance abuse programs.
This has led to a sense of hopelessness among the younger generation in the community, concluded the report, which outlined more than 100 recommendations.
"What we require right now is action," says Assembly of First Nations Chief Shawn Atleo.
Atleo says the problems plaguing Pikangikum are not unique. Many Aboriginal communities feel like they are being "left behind" by the government.
"Canada stands for human rights around the world but the backdrop here is a deep and growing gap between First Nations and the rest of Canada," he said.
During 2006-08, 16 children and youth from 10 to 19 years old committed suicide. The majority of the deaths were hangings.
In the last two months alone, five young people have committed suicide. The latest death was of a 26-yearold on Aug. 29.
The Pikangikum First Nation has a suicide rate of 470 deaths per 100,000 people, which is 36 times the national average and one of the highest in the world, according to a 2004 article in the Canadian Journal of Native Studies.
One of the major recommendations calls on the federal government to fulfil a promise to rebuild a school in Pikangikum after the old one burnt down four years ago. Since then, classes have been held in 17 portables.
A building, says the report, would give students a sense of permanence in their community. Currently only 520 students are enrolled this year, with an estimated 300500 school-age children not attending classes at all.
Improving education prospects also would entice students to finish high school and pursue post-secondary education. None of the nine students who graduated from his school in 2009 went on to college or university.
None of those who died sought medical help in the month before their suicides. Almost all had a history of mental-health problems.
One of the most "troubling findings" was the rampant substance abuse among children in the community. The latest statistics show that 27 per cent of girls in Grades 3 and 4 self-reported sniffing gasoline to get intoxicated.
© Copyright (c) The Regina Leader-Post
Source: http://www.leaderpost.com/news/First+Nation+danger+losing+generation/5349336/story.html


Read more: http://www.leaderpost.com/news/First+Nation+danger+losing+generation/5349336/story.html#ixzz1X5C31NTP

NEW REPORT: Child welfare statistics eye-opening (Canada)

Windspeaker photo

Windspeaker

By Jennifer Ashawasegai Birchbark Writer  - TORONTO

Volume:  29  Issue:  6  Year:  2011

Ontario wants to improve its child welfare services for Aboriginal children. So, the Ontario Ministry of Children and Youth Services hired former Anishinabek Nation Grand Council John Beaucage as Aboriginal advisor to the minister of children and youth.

In his capacity as advisor, Beaucage wrote a report on Aboriginal child welfare in the province.

Beaucage said that through his research he found “more and more money is being spent on child and family services, but the success is not growing at all, and it really begs a different way of looking at things.”
He said his report addresses that and also serves as a tool to provide different ideas for the ministry and in respect to Aboriginal children.

The report is entitled: Children First, The Aboriginal Advisor’s Report on the status of Aboriginal Child Welfare in Ontario. Beaucage spent a lot of time speaking with community members, frontline workers and officials involved in child welfare in the province.
In the introduction of the report, Beaucage notes his surprise at the issues he came across during his research.
“I knew there were issues, but some of the data was eye opening: for one, there are a disproportionate number of Aboriginal children in the child welfare system.”
Data from the Statistics Canada 2006 Census indicates Aboriginal people make up about two per cent of the provincial population. But, Beaucage says, in the child welfare system, it’s estimated Aboriginal children make up 10 per cent of those in care, and some estimates are even higher at 20 per cent.
The system has many effects on Aboriginal children who end up in foster care.
“Children are being fostered out and in many instances to non-Native homes, and being taken out of their community, and so they’re losing touch with their family, culture, language and once again, it’s a process of assimilation, to assimilate a Native child into the greater society,” Beaucage said.
"That leaves holes in a person’s psyche. Young people are just losing touch.
“We saw it with the 60’s scoop, and also with residential schools that when the children are being taken away from their home environment, having their language torn away from them, and their culture torn away, there’s something that’s missing and they spend the rest of their lives looking for it.”
Because of that, Beacage said social issues arise from those situations, such as addictions.
The report includes a long list of recommendations to try to prevent social issues and loss of culture.
Beaucage strongly recommends culture as a base for Aboriginal children in care, and he says, “we should start seeing more Native people on the boards of Children’s Aid Societies and look at ways for Aboriginal organizations to take control of the child protection asset within their regions.”
There are 14 major recommendations in the report, from implementing Jordan’s Principle, to prevention strategies, to First Nation jurisdiction over child welfare matters and implementing customary care practices.
Laurel Broten, minster for Children and Youth Services in Ontario, has committed herself to bettering service to Aboriginal children and families. Broten supports the report from Beaucage, saying that the ministry has already made investments over the past year.
“In the child welfare sector, we’ve been ensuring that we are able to support the unique needs of Aboriginal children. We’ve provided $124 million to the six Aboriginal child welfare agencies in the province each year.”
To address the rate of Aboriginal children going into non-Native homes, Beaucage recommends that CAS use a different system of rating to utilize extended family customary care practices. “The rating system currently rates a household based upon an urban non-Native way of doing things, and it messes up the way things are done culturally. In the report, I suggest there be a totally different way of looking at a household and doing it by way of culture.”
Also included among the recommendations is a call for government to re-institute the band representative program to ensure families have a liaison between the courts and the CAS.
Urban families are not forgotten. Beaucage recommends that a task force for urban Aboriginal children be created to “review the state of Aboriginal children in care and off reserve and make specific recommendations on their best interests.”
It’s hoped the report will continue to gather steam, as an election is around the bend. Broten is also hoping for re-election in her Etobicoke-Lakeshore riding.
“The ministry is examining all of the recommendations and how it can build upon many of the inter-ministerial collaborations that we have in place as we seek to move forward. It’s certainly an active file and folks are very much absorbing the very thoughtful recommendations from the report and we’ll be asking Ontarians on Oct. 6 to be able to continue this important work.”

SOURCE: http://www.ammsa.com/publications/windspeaker/child-welfare-statistic-eye-opening-says-beaucage

Rhode Island Adoptees Update

Adult Adoptees May Request Copies of Original Birth Certificates Beginning July 2012

Amendments to state law (R.I. Gen. Laws Sections 15-7, 23-3-1, 23-3-15) passed in July 2011 will allow Rhode Island-born adoptees age 25 and older to receive non-certified copies of their original, unaltered birth certificates from the State Office of Vital Records. (Non-certified copies of vital records are for informational purposes only and cannot be used for legal proof of identity, citizenship, or as a substitute for an official birth certificate.) The State Office maintains sealed files of pre-adoption birth certificates for all adopted children who were born in Rhode Island. Adoptees may request copies of their certificates beginning March 1, 2012. By law, the State Office cannot release requested certificates until July 2012.
Birth parents can submit contact preference forms with the State Office and/or medical history forms with the Rhode Island Family Court’s Voluntary Adoption Reunion Registry. Adoptees will receive this information, as available, with their pre-adoption birth certificates. To download the contact preference form, visit www.health.ri.gov/forms/preference/BirthParentContact.pdf. To download the medical history form, visit www.health.ri.gov/forms/medical/BirthParentMedicalHistory.doc
To learn more about requesting a pre-adoption birth certificate, see www.health.ri.gov/records/for/adultadoptees

UPDATE: Ontario Superior Court adds two schools to agreement

August 31, 2011 Here’s the decision, Fontaine v. Canada (Attorney General).

Ontario Superior Court of Justice Adds Two Schools To Residential Schools Settlement Agreement

Stirland Lake and Cristal Lake have been added to the already 130+ number of schools that have been identified and listed under Schedules “E” or “F” of Canada’s Residential Schools Settlement Agreement.

Analysis

72 The addition of a school depends on whether the school meets the criteria set out in s. 12.01(2) of the Agreement:

12.01(2) The criteria for adding an institution to Schedule “F” are:

a) The child was placed in a residence away from the family home by or under the authority of Canada for the purposes of education; and,

b) Canada was jointly or solely responsible for the operation of the residence and care of the children resident there.

73 The Stirland Lake and Cristal Lake schools were built for the specific purpose of providing education in a residential school setting to Indian students. The responsibility for the education of those students at the time rested with Canada. The schools, although not constructed with monies provided by Canada, were created pursuant to agreements between Canada and the NYP, through which Canada financed the operation of the schools.

74 The schools were in remote locations. Canada had final say as to the individual students who were eligible to attend and provided transportation to and from the schools for those students. Education officials from Indian Affairs regularly inspected the schools and reported back to their superiors and to the parents of the students. Canada authorized NYP to provide both routine and emergency health services for the students. Concerning emergency health care, NYP was given a blanket consent to take such action as was necessary for the health and welfare of any child enrolled in the Institutions. Federal fire officials conducted periodic inspections of the residences.

75 Canada specified the standards to be maintained with respect to the education of the students and generally, the curriculum that was to be offered. Canada required that the schools obtain “private school” status from the Province of Ontario for the purpose of accreditation of the students. Although the operating agreements changed over time, the essence of the relationship that endured remained the same throughout. Canada continued to provide funding, financial controls and to wield significant influence in the manner in which the schools were operated, notwithstanding the language in the 1983, 1985 and 1987 Agreements. Simply put, Canada was involved in the operation of the Institutions. Nowhere is this more evident than in the case of the complaint regarding discipline in the school.

76 The Institutions were centered around residences operated for the purposes of education in which Indian students were placed away from the family home by or under the authority of Canada. Based on all of the evidence in the record before me, I can reach no other conclusion than that Canada was “jointly responsible” for the operation of the Institutions and the care of the children resident there.
Conclusion

77 The Institutions satisfy the requirements of Article 12 of the Residential Schools Settlement Agreement. Accordingly, the Institutions shall be added to Schedule “F” of the Agreement.

78 The Applicants may make submissions as to costs not to exceed three pages in length by August 31, 2011 and Canada’s responding submissions shall be delivered by September 16, 2011. As has been past practice, the submissions may be delivered to me through the office of Court Counsel.

79 In the meantime, I direct the parties to meet with Court Counsel for the purpose of settling the terms of the order that will flow from these reasons.

SOURCE: http://turtletalk.wordpress.com/2011/08/31/ontario-superior-court-of-justice-adds-two-schools-to-residential-schools-settlement-agreement/

What was in My Adoption File (part 2)

my amended birth certificate (the fake)

What is in "My Adoption File" (Part 2 - How to Open an Adoption)

For the past weeks, I have been doing research on how to open an adoption; it hit me that there are adoptees who will face the same situation I did. When I found my "maternal source," my natural mother Helen, she refused to talk with me or meet me. I was not able to hear her side of the story. I did get an unsigned letter back that said, “Do not contact me again” and she explained her current husband did not know about me.

This took me a full year to grasp and grieve; I was in therapy in Seattle at the time which helped. Honestly, I was too shocked to even think clearly or know what to do next. Eventually I wrote to Helen again and demanded the name of my father, and she complied and sent me his name.

How does any adoptee not take this personally? It is rejection and it hurts. I tried to think about her feelings and what was going on then. I tried to imagine how Helen felt at age 22 when faced with a missing fiancé (my father) and the bulge in her body that was me.

In 2010, I decided to get a copy of my adoption file so I could read the social worker’s report on Helen and what details Helen told them. Last fall I paid $50 bucks for a court order to release a copy of my Wisconsin adoption file. Wisconsin mailed me a copy.

Let me explain what is in my adoption file:

1 - State of Wisconsin Order for Hearing and Investigation, where my adoptive parents petition in writing to adopt me: Laura Jean Thrall and the court ordered Catholic Welfare Agency of Superior, Wisconsin and the State of Wisconsin to investigate, as required by law. Odd this happened on June 5, 1958 – I was born Sept. 9, 1956. I was living in "Legal Limbo."

2 – The letter to my parent’s lawyer from the Wisconsin State Supervisor of Adoptions, Division for Child and Youth who wrote, “According to our incomplete record, it appears this child was committed permanently to the Catholic Child Welfare Bureau and that agency placed this child in this home (DeMeyer in March 1957). If that is true, no action is necessary on the State Dept. of Public Welfare. We are sure that if our assumption is incorrect, the agency will so notify us and appropriate action of the state dept. can be taken upon receipt of the investigator’s report.” Dated June 9, 1958.  ALSO in my file, the state of Wisconsin sent a letter to the Judge in Superior, Wisc. acknowledging the date of my adoption hearing: June 24, 1958. The investigator was the Catholic Welfare Agency who had complete control of me. Seven months of my early life, I was living in one of their Catholic foster homes.

3- Report: Movements of Child while Under Care: Catholic Infant Home, Foster Care in Superior (with their name and address) and Foster-Adoptive Home (DeMeyer). First Baptism: 9-18-56 (requested by my mother Helen) and a New Baptismal Certificate was issued on 2-21-1964. Wow – Catholics get this done quick and recorded. Up on the top of the form is Legal Status: Illegitimate and Mother’s Name: Helen Thrall. My Birthplace: St. Paul, MN. In my adoption file is the signed “Certificate of Baptism, Cathedral of St. Paul,” listing my adoptive parents and my new name! It is signed by Rev. Barr and dated March 10, 1959 when in fact I had been baptized in Sept. 1956. This falsified baptismal certificate and my amended birth certificate are two fake documents made to hide my adoptee status – in case my parents decide not to tell me I am adopted.

4- Hospital Discharge Report: The Physical Record of Mother. She was admitted to the Catholic Infant Home on May 23, 1956. Her home address is in Chicago, IL. She delivered on 9-9-56. She stayed in the hospital 5 days until 9-14-56. Children living: One. (This is the proof Helen had already had a child who was also given up for adoption before me!) Delivery: Normal, spontaneous (Helen had an lml episiotomy with no complications). On 5-25-56, Helen’s blood work: Her RH factor was positive. Helen was allergic to penicillin. No Sauk Vaccine given. (I am also allergic to penicillin.) ALSO: The Child (me) Physical Report: full-term, 10 lbs., 3 oz., 21 ½ in., Head Circumference 14” and Chest Circumference 14 ½ in. I was discharged from the hospital on 9-26-1956 as a normal female infant. Social Worker: Miss Underhill.

5- Catholic Infant Home Report – Their Address, Nurse: Sister Enid, Physical Exam at Birth and Physical Exam on Discharge from Hospital to Infant Home, 2 doctors signed. Feeding: Similac every 4 hours. (Obviously no breast milk for me!)

6- Medical Exam (Infant to Two Years, Wisconsin Child Center) – Laura Jean Thrall in Foster Care, General physical: Ok with Mild eczema on face. March 12, 1957.

7- Medical Exam – July 15, 1957 – now named Tracy DeMeyer, General Development: Normal and lists all the various immunizations and vaccines I had. (My adoptive mother told me I was covered in rashes and bald on the back of my head when they got me.)

8- State of Juvenile Court, Vilas Country, Wisconsin, Parental Consent to Termination of Parental Rights, dated December 5, 1956. Miss Alverna Underhill (social worker) is the witness. "Father’s consent is not necessary In case of illegitimate child." Signed by my mother Helen Thrall.

9- Leo Block, Director of Catholic Welfare Agency appears before Judge Robert Curran on May 28, 1958, in the matter of Adoption of Laura Jean Thrall and Mr. Block consents to my adoption on this legal form. Block’s reason for consent: for the best interest of the child.

10 – Form letter: Request to the State of Minnesota Dept. of Public Welfare on April 9, 1958, states that Catholic Welfare Agency needs a copy of my birth record to be used as proof of birth to protect the interest of this child at the time of placement of adoption. Required fee enclosed $1.00. Signed Jean Johnson, Supervisor Protection Unit. Certified Photostat April 16, 1958 sent to Social Worker Miss Underhill.

11- Copy of Investigation, submitted by Catholic Welfare Agency, done March 17, 1957 through May 28, 1958 to the County Court in Wisconsin. Describes The Child (me) and Mother of Child (Helen). INFORMATION NECESSARY FOR CHANGING BIRTH CERTIFICATE in bold type. This is the story I wanted – all the details and dates. Helen had moved to Chicago in 1952 and dated my dad, Earl. (Helen doesn’t say they were living together but they were.) In April 1956, she goes home to Minocqua, Wisconsin because she realized she is four months pregnant. Five months pregnant, she and her mother go back to Chicago to place charges against the alleged father. They were unable to locate him. Then Helen desires to go to a maternity home near her home and they decide her mother will drop Helen off in Milwaukee at St. Mary’s on her drive home. Instead they choose the St. Paul (Minnesota) Catholic Infant Home because it is a work home. May 25, 1956: “Helen is using her own name at the Maternity Home as she saw no necessity for further protection…. This was her first physical exam and the doctors felt that she was further along and at least six months pregnant….Helen stated that she is very anxious to get out into a work home as soon as possible and was concerned she would now have one less month to work towards her expenses. She had no money saved and said her family would help as much as possible but she did not want to ask this of them. She wondered how soon she would have to pay her expenses at the Maternity Home. (It doesn’t say how much money they charged her.) She was told that if we (Catholic Charities) could be certain that she would repay us as soon as she returned to work, we (Catholic Charities) would pay her bill at the maternity home and she could repay us in small amounts. This seemed to be a great relief to Helen. …She was uncertain about plans for her expected child and it was apparent she was very desirous of keeping the child is possible. She thought she would return home briefly after her confinement but would have to leave home very soon in order to find work. Helen was told that we could assist her with temporary plans for her baby for six weeks, during which time she could return home and make her final decision… Helen was with the alleged father for several months and has been under the impression he intended to marry her. She seemed to feel that if she could talk to him, they could work things out. He suddenly left his job in Chicago. She heard through others that he’d returned home.” (The next page of the microfilm was missing.) My first months, Helen’s life, and my adoptive parents life and their desire to adopt me, was revealed on four typed pages.

This is what to expect in an adoption file: documents, reports, letters, stories, arrangements, explanations, descriptions, maybe even a Baptismal Certificate, places and dates. Every adoptee needs this.

I know that Helen was not rejecting me but rather wanting to give me a better life. I can see her struggle. I can live well knowing the truth.

(I will be travelling and taking a break from my blog for a few weeks. Enjoy what is left of summer everyone! Please use the Google Search to look up topics and news on this blog….Trace)

Solid Victory for 600 residential school survivors in Ontario

By Leith Dunick, tbnewswatch.com (August 18, 2011)

Nishnawbe Aski Nation  - 



Nishnawbe Aski Nation Deputy Grand Chief Mike Metatwabin said that adding Cristal Lake Residential High School and Stirland Lake Residential High School to the official list of residential schools paves the way for similar decisions to be made elsewhere in Canada.



About 600 former Aboriginal students at a pair of Northern Ontario residential schools are now eligible to seek compensation for being ripped from their homes and forced to attend the institutions.

The decision, rendered by Chief Justice Warren Winkler of the Ontario Superior Court of Justice, adds Cristal Lake Residential High School and Stirland Lake Residential High School to the Indian Residential School Settlement Agreement, in what Native officials are calling a precedent-setting case that will outline the parameters to add further schools to the list.
The two schools had earlier been rejected by the federal government.
Students who attended the remotely located schools will now be permitted to apply for reparations for the time they spent at them, under the Common Experience Payout program.
The program pays $10,000 to each student for their first year of attendance at the school, and $3,000 for each additional year. Former students also receive an official apology from the institution.
Nishnawbe Aski Nation Deputy Grand Chief Mike Metatawabin on Thursday called it a solid victory for both the students who attended Stirland Lake and Cristal Lake residential high schools, as well as First Nations across Canada.
“This landmark decision paves the way for other First Nations people who have been institutionalized to be included in this national settlement and we hope they too will continue to fight for justice,” he said in a release issued through NAN’s communications department.
Several other schools have yet to have a decision rendered about their residential school status. The two Ontario schools are the first in Canada to be added to the IRSSA.
Stirland Lake High School, also known as the Wahbon Bay Academy, was opened in 1971 by Northern Youth Programs Inc., a Mennonite-based organization, in the tiny community, located about 275 kilometres north of Sioux Lookout.
It was funded by Indian Affairs, and could house and educate up to 20 boys at one time. Students lived at the school for 10 months of the year.
Cristal Lake opened five years later, in an equally remote area, and was built to house Aboriginal girls.
The two schools merged in 1986, and the joint operation closed its doors in 1991.
Windigo formally requested the two schools be added to the list of recognized residential schools in October 2007, after a unanimous endorsement by NAN chiefs. The request was rejected the following spring, sending their quest to the Superior Court of Justice of Ontario.
The decision is welcome news for the council chairman of Windigo First Nations council, who spearheaded the court challenge.

“The former students of Stirland Lake and Cristal Lake Residential High Schools will now be able to begin their healing journey through the Common Experience and Independent Assessment processes offered by the IRSSA,” said Frank McKay, Council Chair of Windigo First Nations Council, who spearheaded this court challenge.

Students who were physically or sexually abused may also seek further compensation under the independent assessment process.

Susan Vella the legal counsel for both WIndigo and NAN, said they will help applicants anyway they can.

“We are ready to assist these former students with pursuing their legal rights under the IRSSA. We are grateful to the Court for rectifying the oversight in the IRSSA’s failure to include these schools in the original schedule of Indian residential schools.”

Source: http://www.tbnewswatch.com/news/Default.aspx?cid=159806

Open Discussion and Trace DeMeyer 08/20 by Hiddenfromhistory | Blog Talk Radio

Open Discussion and Trace DeMeyer 08/20 by Hiddenfromhistory Blog Talk Radio

Tune in at 4pm Eastern time. The show will also be archived here...